Ilorin Journal of Education

PRELIMINARY PAGES

Editorial Board Faculty of Education — 2025-01-30

This special edition features forty-five (45) papers found publishable after going through a rigorous peer review system. The journal with its international outlook serves as a valuable research resource in the teaching and learning process by providing readers with scientific knowledge through the well-researched articles in this special edition.

Editorial Board Faculty of Education — 2025-01-30

This special edition features forty-five (45) papers found publishable after going through a rigorous peer review system. The papers explore the various sub-themes of the edupreneurship conference.

Comparative Evaluation of Human and Material Resources Use in the Implementation of Undergraduate Entrepreneurship-Education-Curriculum in North-Central Universities, Nigeria

AbdulGaniy AYUB — 2025-01-30

Entrepreneurship education is a curriculum designed to equip learners with 21st-century labour market-required skills and to become job creators upon graduation. The actualization of these laudable objectives largely depends on the adequate provision and utilization of both human and material resources needed to effectively implement the curriculum. This study therefore aimed to find out and compare the adequacy of human and material resources used in the implementation of entrepreneurship education curricula in private and public universities in North-central Nigeria. The study adopted mixed-method research. All the 28 management boards of Entrepreneurship Education Centres as well as 102 lecturers of Entrepreneurship Education in the study locale formed the study’s population. 48 lecturers and 10 members of the boards, who are major stakeholders in the field of entrepreneurship education were sampled for the study. The sample was drawn through proportional and random sampling techniques. Data were collected through a researcher-designed instrument. This instrument was validated and tested for reliability with 0.78 and 0.75 obtained respectively. Frequency count, percentage, and ratio were used to analyze the data gathered. The findings of the study from both quantitative and qualitative methods revealed that the majority of the respondents in both institutions attested that both human and instructional resources provided and used for the implementation of the entrepreneurship curriculum were inadequate. The study therefore recommends that the relevant stakeholders need as a matter of urgency to employ more experts in the field of entrepreneurship. Also, the government and proprietors of the universities need to initiate a special intervention programme and budget for entrepreneurship education in the higher institution as it is a capital-intensive programme.

Harnessing Adult Education for Creativity Towards Sustainable Teaching Skill Development in Nigeria Higher Institutions

Raufu Oloore YUSUFF — 2025-01-30

The paper examines the harnessing adult education for creativity towards sustainable teaching skill development in Nigeria higher institutions. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. Population comprises all higher institutions lecturers in Ogun State, Nigeria. Simple random sampling technique was used to select five higher institutions in which twenty (20) lecturers were chosen to make a total of one hundred (100) lecturers as sample for the study. A self-developed questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection. It was developed in closed-ended of Agreed or disagreed. The instrument was moderated by experts who affirmed its validity. Reliability of the instrument was determined using Cronbach Alpha. Data collected were analyzed using simple percentage, mean and standard deviation statistical tools. Findings revealed that, harnessing adult education to foster creativity is crucial for sustainable teaching skill development in Nigeria's higher institutions. Adult education enhances teaching practices by promoting innovative methods, integrating technology, and supporting continuous professional growth. By incorporating principles like andragogy and experiential learning, adult education programmes equip educators with the tools to cultivate creativity and adapt to diverse learning environments. To sustain these advancements, higher education institutions must invest in and support ongoing professional development, foster a culture of lifelong learning, and leverage digital tools. This investment will ensure that, educators remain innovative, ultimately improving student outcomes and advancing Nigeria's education sector. Therefore, higher education institutions should establish and fund regular professional development programmes focused on innovative teaching methods and creative skills. Policies should be enacted to ensure that all educators participate in continuous professional development activities.

Undergraduates’ Perceptions on the Use of Online Learning Platforms in a selected University in Nigeria

Mohammed Rabiu ABDULRAHMAN — 2025-01-30

Online learning platforms have become integral to modern education, particularly since the COVID-19 pandemic, offering students and educators innovative ways to engage with learning materials. This study investigates undergraduate students' perceptions of online learning platforms at the University of Ilorin, focusing on their effectiveness, usability, and impact on academic performance. Specifically, it examines the most commonly used platforms, students’ motivations, and demographic influences, aiming to identify challenges and opportunities for improving the teaching-learning process through these technologies. The study employed a descriptive survey research design. A total of 120 students from the Department of Educational Technology, randomly selected across four academic levels, participated in the study. Data were collected using a validated and reliable questionnaire divided into five sections: demographic details, commonly used platforms, usage patterns, academic performance impact, and motivational levels. Descriptive and inferential statistics, including frequency counts, means, percentages, and t-tests, were utilized to analyze the data, with hypotheses tested at a 0.05 significance level. Findings reveal that students most commonly use platforms like Telegram, Zoom, and Google Meet. Perceptions toward the usability and impact of online learning platforms are largely positive, with significant benefits noted for academic performance and time management. However, the study identifies low levels of student motivation for online learning, attributed to technical difficulties, cost, and other barriers. Gender-based differences in perceptions were also evident, with female students showing a more favorable attitude toward platform utilization. The study concludes by recommending enhanced access to ICT infrastructure, training programs for students and lecturers, and strategies to boost motivation for online learning. Addressing these areas will facilitate the effective integration of online platforms into the university's educational framework, promoting a more engaging and equitable learning environment.

The Impact of Counselling Services on The Psychological Well- Being of Married Female Entrepreneurs in Ilorin Metropolis

Busayo Omolade AJIBOLA — 2025-01-30

This study investigated the impact of counselling services on the psychological well-being of Married female entrepreneurs in Ilorin Metropolis thus, the descriptive research design was adopted. The researcher employed the qualitative approach to understand the why and how the research questions. The researcher employed this approach over the quantitative approach to have a deeper understanding of the experiences and perceptions of married female entrepreneurs. A total of 12 married female entrepreneurs were selected through the purposive sampling technique. The researcher conducted semi-structured interviews to gather in-depth insights into participants' experiences with counselling services. The researcher employed thematic analysis to identify patterns, themes, and categories within the interview data. The information given by the entrepreneurs was coded systematically, using both deductive and inductive approaches to capture both predetermined and emergent themes. The results revealed that counselling services have a positive impact on the psychological well-being of married female Entrepreneurs in Ilorin Metropolis. Based on the findings, it was recommended that married female entrepreneurs should access counselling services to further promote their psychological well-being.

Roles of Edupreneurship in Addressing Teacher Burnout and Promoting Well-being

Abdulazeez Abiodun SHOWUNMI — 2025-01-30

This research investigates the emerging concept of edupreneurship and its potential to alleviate teacher burnout and promote well-being within the educational sector. Edupreneurship, characterized by entrepreneurial activities within education, offers innovative solutions to traditional challenges faced by educators. Through a comprehensive review of literature and empirical analysis, this study explored how edupreneurial initiatives such as professional development programs, educational technology integration, and alternative teaching methodologies impact teacher burnout levels and overall well-being. By examining the intersection of entrepreneurship and education, this research aimed to provide insights into effective strategies for mitigating teacher burnout, fostering job satisfaction, and ultimately enhancing the quality of education. The study concluded that Edupreneurship has the potential to significantly impact teacher well-being by offering innovative solutions that address key factors contributing to burnout. It was recommended that partnerships between edupreneurs, educators, and educational institutions be encouraged to ensure that innovations are practical and effectively address teachers' needs.

Perceived Influence of Entrepreneurship Transportation Problems on Private and Public Universities Undergraduates’ Academic Performance in Kwara State

Rasheed Shofiu ADEWUYI — 2025-01-30

This study examined perceived influence of entrepreneurship transportation problems on private and public universities undergraduates’ academic performance in Kwara State. The paper aimed to ascertain the private and public university undergraduates’ perceived influence of entrepreneurship transportation problems on their academic performance and to determine significant difference in the undergraduates’ perceived influence of entrepreneurship transportation problems on their academic performance based on school type and gender. The study was a descriptive survey using multistage sampling procedure that comprised purposive and simple random sampling techniques. Researcher designed questionnaire titled ‘’Comparison of Undergraduate Perceived Influence of Entrepreneurship Transportation Problems on Students’ Academic Performance in Private and Public Universities, in Kwara State’’ was used to collect data. Descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation was used to answer the research questions while inferential statistic-paired sample t-test was used to test the two hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The result of the findings were that faulty commercial vehicles, the lateness of the commercial vehicle, an arbitrary increase of transport fares by commercial vehicle drivers, undergraduates struggling and rushing toward boarding commercial vehicles, overloading of commercial vehicles to the school, unworthy of some commercial vehicles, fuel scarcity were among entrepreneurship transportation problems that adversely influence private undergraduates academic performance by missing lectures and exams, causes accident, boredom, and fatigue. The study recommended that the private and public university management should provide alternative transportation systems to commercial ones in order to reduce the students' stress and experience of transportation problems.

Noble Ideals in Teaching Profession: Making of an Enviable Enterprise out of the Education Industry in Nigeria

Gbenga ADEBANJO — 2025-01-30

The paper addressed a number of issues that affect the teacher, the teaching profession and the education industry from the Nigeria perspective. It is a position paper that beamed searchlight on factors of contemporary significance in selecting and training those who choose to make an enterprise of teaching. The ethics and ethos that make teaching a rewarding enterprise for livelihood and achievement of the goal-4 target of the Sustainable Development Goals were discussed. Possible answers were provided to some pertinent questions as it pertains to teachers and teaching. It is an uphill task to achieve a promising future in edupreneurship without competent, motivated, and well-equipped teachers. The various disquieting hurdles - real, imaginable and unimaginable complexities that rear their ugly head on the teachers’ track to success were brought to the limelight. Position and prospects of the teacher in the midst of other seemingly high-class professionals who stick out their shoulders in pride as to the prestigious and lucrative nature of their job are projected. Considering the ongoing transformation in the education industry occasioned by the ‘new normal’ and brought about by the post-pandemic era through digital and technological innovations, the restoration of the teachers’ damaged glory is essential in Nigeria. As the mother of other professions, teachers hold the key to the nation’s socio-economic transformation. Among other recommendations, making teaching a lifelong enterprise involves training, re-training, and re-orientation of teachers’ mindset for knowledge, skills and competencies needed to impart learners and their community towards self-actualization and productivity.

Perceived Influence of Mother Tongue on Entrepreneurship Education among Students in Selected North-Central Nigerian University

Victoria Oludunni OGUNNIRAN — 2025-01-30

This study investigated the perceived influence of the mother tongue on Nigerian University undergraduates’ interest in entrepreneurship education. The research explored the effectiveness of the mother tongue in teaching entrepreneurship education content. Five (5) research objectives, two (2) research questions, and three (3) hypotheses were formulated. 150 students were randomly sampled from Federal, State and Private Universities. A quantitative design was employed, and a questionnaire titled " Perceived Influence of Mother Tongue in arousing Nigerian University Students' Interest towards Entrepreneurship Education” (PIMTANUSIEE) was used for data collection. The formulated hypotheses were tested using the t-test and ANOVA at a 0.05 significance level. The findings revealed that the learners' mother tongue enhances entrepreneurial prospects by facilitating network building and venture support. Mother tongue benefits learners by enabling connection with native speakers, language exchange partners, and communities to practice and enhance their skills. Additionally, the result showed no significant difference in the students’ perceptions, based on gender, class level and university type, indicating that Mother tongue in the entrepreneurship class can lead to effective communication, cultural understanding, and access to diverse markets, horizon expansion and connection with a broader range of opportunities and individuals. The study suggested that educational stakeholders should bridge the gap between theoretical concepts and practical applications in entrepreneurship education by using the mother tongue in entrepreneurship teaching in higher education.

Secondary School Teachers' Proficiency in Integrating Technology within their Subject-Matter Contexts in Nigeria

Emeka Joshua CHUKWUEMEKA — 2025-01-30

This study focusses on assessing the proficiency of secondary school teachers in integrating technology to improve teaching within the context of their subject matter in upper basic schools in Gwagwalada Area Council, FCT Abuja. The total population of the study consisted of all secondary school teachers in junior secondary schools in Gwagwalada Area Council, Abuja. Simple random sampling was used to select 45 teachers who took part in the study. A questionnaire was used as an instrument to gather data for the study. Cronbach's alpha was used to determine the reliability of the research instrument, with a reliability coefficient index of 0.77, which was considered suitable for the study. Data retrieved from the questionnaire were analysed using frequency counts, percentages, mean, and standard deviation. The findings revealed that a small portion of the teachers acknowledged the use of technology as part of their teaching strategies. This distribution underscores the prevalent reliance on traditional teaching approaches within the surveyed population, thus weakening their ability to integrate technology to enhance teaching in the context of their subject matter. The study concluded that secondary school teachers demonstrate a general reluctance to embrace specific technologies, such as interactive whiteboards and educational apps. This revealed a tendency among secondary school teachers to diverge from integrating these specified technologies to enhance teaching within the context of their subject matter. Therefore, the study recommends that professional development initiatives specifically address the perceived barriers and provide targeted training to enhance teachers' proficiency with interactive whiteboards, educational apps, and multimedia presentations.

Articulating Career Counselling through Edupreneurship for the 21st Century Nigeria Youth

Okunlade Kamoli ADERONMU — 2025-01-30

The 21st century youth is unique in many ways. The 21st century youth is much more exposed and susceptible to the influences of people whose real presence, he/she may never witness, which buttresses connectivism's idea hence the need for proper counselling. With the exposure of 21st-century students to technology, they live their dependent life on the internet and social media. 21st century youth career choice in relation to the perception of Holland based on his theory of personalities with acronyms RIASEC was discussed. Necessary skills required for career choice that relate to the work environment in the 21st century such as learning skill, literacy skill and life skill were discussed also. However, the review articulates this time youth in a career with the application of learning at conveniences with the involvement of various designs, applications and programmes. The edupreneurship programme is a suitable asset for this youth as it focuses on innovation, solutions, products and services that improve the way of learning and ease accessibility for information. Therefore, this paper focuses on articulating career counselling through edupreneurship for the 21st century Nigeria youth.

Comparative Evaluation of Assessment Modes Used in The Implementation of the 21st Century Undergraduate Entrepreneurship-Education-Curriculum in North-Central Nigeria

AbdulGaniy AYUB — 2025-01-30

Assessment of students’ learning is an important component of any educational system. However, effective modes of assessment and evaluation are some of the issues that have yet to be resolved by experts in the field of entrepreneurship education. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the appropriateness of the assessment modes used in implementing entrepreneurship education curricula in private and public universities in North-central Nigeria and determine the adequacy of used modes. The study adopted a descriptive research survey type. All (251,267) undergraduates at the 400 level in the study locale formed the population of the study. 469 and 3825 undergraduates were sampled from private and public universities respectively. This gave 4294 undergraduates sampled through proportional quota and simple random sampling techniques. Data were collected through a researcher-designed instrument tagged “QCEAMUIUEEC” This instrument was validated and tested for reliability with 0.78 and 0.75 obtained respectively. Mean and Standard Deviation were used to analyze the data gathered. The study's findings revealed that continuous assessment and examination using computer-based tests (CBT), group projects, and individual assignments are the assessment modes used most in both institutions. These were adjudged inappropriate as entrepreneurship education requires a more practical-oriented form of assessment. The study therefore recommends that the relevant stakeholders involved in the implementation of the curriculum should put in place the necessary facilities and ensure a paradigm shift in the assessment modes used in the implementation of the curriculum.

Edupreneurship, Technology, and Quality Assurance in Teacher Training: Al-Hikmah University’s Practices and Outcomes

Shehu SAKARIYAHU — 2025-01-30

This study investigates the impact of edupreneurship on quality assurance, emphasizing the role of technological advancements in teacher training at Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, Nigeria. Edupreneurship enhances quality assurance by fostering innovation, creativity, and adaptability, promoting new teaching methods and technologies that drive continuous improvement and accountability. This contributes to more effective teacher training and higher educational standards. The study had three main objectives and tested three null hypotheses. A descriptive research design was used, focusing on 875 individuals, comprising 844 education students and 31 lecturers from four departments within the Faculty of Education, with a sample of 110 participants using stratified random sampling technique. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire titled "Relationship between Edupreneurship, Innovative Technology, and Quality Assurance in Teacher Training Questionnaire (REITQATTQ)," with a reliability index of 0.79 (Cronbach Alpha). The questionnaires were personally distributed and collected. Data analysis employed descriptive statistics for research questions and regression analysis to test hypotheses at a 0.05 significance level. The findings revealed a significant positive relationship between edupreneurship and quality assurance, with key drivers being innovation, risk-taking, and creativity. The study concludes that integrating edupreneurship and innovative technology into teacher training programs is vital for improving quality assurance. Recommendations include supporting entrepreneurial initiatives with technology and regularly assessing quality assurance processes to enhance teacher training effectiveness.

Integrating Innovations into Teacher Education through Curriculum, Research Reports and Findings in Nigeria

Idayat Nike BALOGUN — 2025-01-30

The Nigerian education curriculum at the university level is often criticized by international and local experts in the field of curriculum for being theoretical rather than practical, this is because of the potential of many researchers to showcase the outcome of their research at various levels of education which would transform the society into a better position are always neglected. This unnoticed vacuum in education by many stakeholders can be filled by a conscientious creation and integration of new values, changes, innovations and implementation of such in Nigerian universities within a jiffy, particularly through teacher education. This will usher in the concept of edupreneurship (Education+Entrepreneurship) which all teacher educators currently need to enhance social and economic advantages. There is more to be incorporated into the teacher education curriculum if edupreneurship is to be properly launched and sustained in teacher education. There is a need to reconsider the purpose and goals of teacher education by encouraging the practical exhibition of the research reports and findings. This paper discusses the innovations involved in improving curriculum in teacher education as a product to improve the quality of teacher education and the role, the teacher educator would play in the realization of this goal using research reports and findings.

Knowledge of ICT and its Impact on Educational Development of Students in Ifelodun Local Government Area, Kwara State, Nigeria

Joke Felicia JAMES — 2025-01-30

Information and telecommunication technology, (ICT) is a force that has changed many aspects of human endeavors and it is putting food on the table for several families. This study investigated the knowledge of ICT and its impact on educational development of secondary school students in Ifelodun LGA, of Kwara State. The objectives of the study are to determine the level of knowledge, accessibility and impact of ICT facilities among basic school students in the study area. Descriptive research design of survey type was employed. The population comprises of basic school students in the study location. Multistage sampling technique of simple random and proportionate methods were used to select 250 respondents, researcher’s structured questionnaire was used for data collection and the instrument was validated by experts and tested for reliability, which yielded 0.76. The data collected was analysed using frequency count and percentage, while the postulated hypotheses were analysed with inferential statistics of One-way ANOVA @ 0.05 Alpha level. The result revealed that the basic school students in the study area have significant knowledge based on age, ICT has more positive impact on male than female students, while basic school students J.S.S 1-3 have significant access to ICT facilities. The researcher recommends among others that children should be exposed to ICT early in their school years irrespective of gender and knowledge of ICT should be a prerequisite for employing teachers into basic schools in Kwara State.

Online Learning Management System: An Essential Resource for Effective Learning in University of Ilorin

Ebenezer Sanya IBIRONKE — 2025-01-30

An online learning management system (OLMS) is a web-based instrument used for planning, implementing, and evaluating educational processes. The increasing adoption of OLMS in higher education highlights the need for research, particularly in developing countries. This study examined students’ perceptions on the use of OLMS for learning at the University of Ilorin, explored the impact of OLMS on students’ learning, investigated the challenges encountered by students, and explored gender influences on perceptions and impact. Using a descriptive survey technique, 200 undergraduates from the Faculty of Education were randomly sampled. Data analysis involved frequency, mean scores, and t-tests. Results indicated that students found OLMS beneficial [2.98 > 2.45] and impactful [2.90 > 2.45], with few challenges [2.39 < 2.45]. There were no significant gender differences in perceptions [.080 > 0.05] or impact [.803 > 0.05]. The study concluded that Online Learning Management Systems (OLMS) significantly improve teaching and learning by offering interactive tools to boost student engagement, enabling personalized learning experiences, and providing real-time feedback. It is recommended that universities establish dedicated support systems for online learning and promote faculty training to maximize the effective use of OLMS.

Reimagining Edupreneurship with AI Technologies: Pathways to Modern Educational Excellence in Nigerian Tertiary Institutions

Usman ABUBAKAR — 2025-01-30

This study investigates the transformative potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies in revolutionizing edupreneurship to modernize Nigerian tertiary institutions. It examines critical systemic challenges, including inadequate funding, outdated curricula, poor infrastructure, and a shortage of skilled personnel, which collectively undermine the quality of educational delivery. The research explores how AI-driven solutions such as personalized learning experiences, administrative process optimization, and advanced data analytics can address these issues to enhance the relevance, efficiency, and accessibility of higher education. The study highlights the necessity of substantial government investment in technology infrastructure, curriculum reforms that incorporate AI literacy and computational thinking, and the modernization of educational facilities. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of continuous professional development programs to equip academic staff with the skills to integrate AI technologies effectively. Emphasis is placed on establishing robust policies to ensure the ethical, equitable, and sustainable implementation of AI, mitigating challenges such as the digital divide and data privacy concerns. Through advocating for a collaborative approach among government, educational institutions, industry stakeholders, and international partners, this research provides a roadmap for harnessing AI to transform Nigeria's higher education. It concludes that the integration of AI into edupreneurship has the potential to create a dynamic, resilient, and globally competitive educational system capable of meeting the demands of the 21st-century knowledge economy.

Leveraging Mathematical Expertise: Empowering Mathematics Teachers for Entrepreneurial Ventures

Abdul-Azeez A. LAWAL — 2025-01-30

Entrepreneurial ventures in the modern economy often require a blend of technical proficiency and innovative thinking. This theoretical paper explores the intersection of mathematical expertise and entrepreneurial endeavors, specifically focusing on how mathematics teachers can be empowered for entrepreneurial ventures. The concept of entrepreneurship and its importance in the modern economy is addressed. Further, the roles of mathematics in entrepreneurship ventures and the importance of entrepreneurial skills in teacher education programme and other professional domains were highlighted. The challenges faced by mathematics teachers in transiting from mathematics to entrepreneurship were discussed. The paper also presents how to leverage mathematical expertise to enhance entrepreneurial ventures, as well as case studies of successful intersections of the mathematical knowledge of mathematics teachers and entrepreneurship. The implications of empowering mathematics teachers for entrepreneurial ventures in the education industry were discussed. The paper concludes that integrating entrepreneurship with mathematics education would provide significant benefits, such as innovative reasoning, improved teaching methodologies, and economic growth among others. It is suggested among others that there should be curriculum integration that combines mathematical training with entrepreneurial education.

Social Science Pre-Service Teachers’ Awareness of Entrepreneurship Opportunities in Nigeria

Issa Nasiru OLOKOOBA — 2025-01-30

This study investigated social science pre-service teachers’ awareness of entrepreneurship opportunities in Nigeria. The study sought to investigate pre-service teachers’ awareness of, sources of awareness, skills possessed by the pre-service teachers to explore and factors inhibiting exploration of the entrepreneurship opportunities in Nigeria. Two hundred pre-service teachers were sampled using a simple random sampling technique method. The researcher-designed questionnaire was used as an instrument. content validity of the instrument was determined. Reliability coefficient of 0.78 through test-retest method. Data collected were analysed. Research questions were answered using mean and standard deviation. The findings of this study revealed that the forms of entrepreneurship opportunities that pre-service teachers were aware of were building one career, the sources of pre-service teachers’ awareness of entrepreneurship opportunities include computer assisted learning materials, advertisement among others, it also indicated that the skills possessed by the pre-service teachers to explore the entrepreneurship opportunities identified were resource management skills. The finding also showed the factors inhibiting pre-service teacher’s exploration of the entrepreneurship opportunities which included lack of access to adequate resources to enable them start their own business and ineffective mandatory internship for trainee teachers. Based on the findings of this study it was recommended among others that university education should give adequate opportunities to students to explore entrepreneurial skills and experiences gained through technical and vocational education. The institutions should improve on partnerships with industries to meet the labour market demand. The institutional exhibition and exchange programmes and experiences should be promoted among tertiary institutions.

Innovative Pedagogical Approaches by Edupreneurs in Teacher Training

Ibrahim Dudu KOFA — 2025-01-30

Innovative pedagogical approaches introduced by edupreneurs in teacher training are transforming traditional education paradigms. This study explores the innovative pedagogical approaches by edupreneurs in teacher training, with special focus on teacher training institutions in kebbi state, Nigeria. The study adopted mixed-method approach. A sample of 76 educators was purposively drawn from four teacher training institutions in Kebbi State, Nigeria as participants for the study. Questionnaire and interview schedules were used to collect data from the sampled respondents. The face and content validity of the two instruments was carried out using experts. Both instruments were further subjected to pilot testing, and a reliability coefficient of 0.75, 0.80 and 0.78, respectively for the 3 items were determined using Cronbach Alpha formula. Descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions. Findings revealed (Grand mean score = 3.0) to show that teacher educators in Kebbi State, Nigeria makes use of innovative pedagogical approaches by edupreneurs to collaborate with their peers in other institutions, and it also revealed (Grand mean score = 3.0) to indicate that innovative tools play a significant role in enhancing collaboration practices among teacher educators in Kebbi State, Nigeria. Also, (Grand mean score = 3.2) to revealed certain barriers hindering collaborative culture among teacher educators in Kebbi State, Nigerian. It was therefore recommended that educators should incorporate fostering a culture of innovation and continuous improvement, edupreneurs are preparing a new generation of teachers who are not only skilled educators but also adaptable leaders capable of navigating the evolving educational landscape transformative teacher education in teacher education institutions in Kebbi State.

Assessment of the Integrated Curriculum Model for fostering 21st Century Entrepreneurial Skills and its Implications for Graduate Employability

Jumoke Iyabo OLADELE — 2025-01-30

In the rapidly evolving landscape of the 21st century, fosters entrepreneurial skills among students and has become imperative to prepare them for the dynamic and uncertain future. This study explores the implications of the integrated curriculum for teacher training programmes in Nigeria. This study adopted the descriptive research design of survey type. The population of the study consisted of university teacher trainees while the target population were final year students sampled purposively. The instrument for the study was a researcher-designed questionnaire subjected to the test of internal consistency to ensure that the instrument is valid while the instrument was subjected to the test of internal consistency to ensure it reliability. Three research questions were posed and answered using percentage while one generated hypothesis was tested using chi-square statistic. The finding of the study revealed that integrating entrepreneurial education into teacher training programmes holds significant promise for equipping students with the 21st-century skills necessary for success in an increasingly competitive and innovation-driven world. By adopting the integrated curriculum model theoretical knowledge, experiential learning, and industry collaboration, educators can play a pivotal role in nurturing entrepreneurial mindsets and capabilities in the next generation. However, further research is needed to understand the optimal approaches, challenges, and outcomes associated with this integration, thereby informing evidence-based practices and policies in educational settings.

Innovative Strategies for Integrating Entrepreneurship into Teacher Education: A Systematic Review

Mubarak Akinsegun AKINTOLA — 2025-01-30

In recent years, there has been a noticeable trend in the area of education toward including entrepreneurship. This change is a reflection of the rising understanding of the value of giving students—especially prospective teachers—entrepreneurship knowledge and skills. Governments have taken aggressive steps to encourage and instill an entrepreneurial mindset, notably via education since they have realized the significance of entrepreneurship in impacting general well-being. Thus, entrepreneurship has become an increasingly important skill in the education industry, as education professionals are being encouraged to think creatively and identify new opportunities for improvement. This study aims to explore innovative teaching strategies for integrating entrepreneurship into teacher education. To achieve the objectives of the research, the systematic literature review approach was utilized. With the use of some sets of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 7 studies that were found to be adequate and meet the inclusion criteria were selected and used to answer the research questions raised in the study. After applying thematic analysis to the selected papers, several themes that addressed those objectives emerged. It was found that, in keeping with the present trend of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, an appropriate approach through the diversity of creative teaching methodologies in imparting entrepreneurial knowledge to students should be strengthened and emphasised. When imparting entrepreneurial knowledge to pupils, this necessitates greater creativity and innovation on the part of educators, particularly in teacher education. Knowing the fundamentals of entrepreneurship can help instructors create creative plans and encourage pre-service teachers to pursue technological entrepreneurship. Students' interest in entrepreneurship may be stimulated by the range of tactics and exercises used in both official and informal education.

Impact of Edupreneurship on 21st Century Science Education Curriculum Implementation in Adeyemi Federal University of Education, Ondo

Oyedunni Adebunmi OBE — 2025-01-30

This study evaluated the impact of edupreneurship on the design of the 21st-century science education curriculum at Adeyemi Federal University of Education, Ondo. This study adopted descriptive research design of Cross-Sectional Survey type. The population for the study consisted all science students in the faculty of science, in Adeyemi Federal University of Education, Ondo. This study adopted 280 students from the Faculty of science, with 40 respondents randomly selected from each of the seven departments within the faculty. Data was gathered through a structured questionnaire titled “Impact of Edupreneurship on 21st Century Science Education Curriculum Design,” which was validated by a testing expert and yielded a reliability index of 0.73 through Cronbach's alpha. The collected data were analyzed using frequency counts, simple percentages, and mean scores. The findings indicated that entrepreneurial principles are significantly integrated into the current science curriculum, positively impacting student learning outcomes. It was concluded that while entrepreneurial elements are present in the curriculum, greater emphasis on hands-on projects and entrepreneurial thinking is beneficial. The study recommends that educational institutions and curriculum developers enhance their professional development programs to better incorporate entrepreneurial principles into the science curriculum.

Integrating Entrepreneurial Skills in the Nigerian Teacher Education Programmes to Foster Edupreneurship

Hamdallat Taiwo YUSUF YUSUF — 2025-01-30

This theoretical paper clarifies the concept of edupreneurship, its relevance to teacher education, and developed a comprehensive framework outlining how edupreneurship can be integrated into teacher education programmes. It delves into how teacher education programmes can incorporate entrepreneurial skills and mindsets for educators to become edupreneurs. The paper proposes a framework with six major components (curriculum development, mentorship and networking, policy and support systems, practical training, technology integration, and impact and outcomes) for integrating edupreneurial skills in the Nigerian teacher education programmes. Finally, it proposes methods for evaluating and assessing the effectiveness of edupreneurship integration in teacher education programmes. The paper concludes by emphasising that all levels of Nigerian teacher education programmes need to be reimagined, reconfigured, reshaped, and reformed by fusing theoretical and practical hands-on skills for teacher educators and student teachers to develop entrepreneurial competencies and practices.

Integrating ICT in Language Education for Enhanced Entrepreneurial Development among University Undergraduates in Kwara State

Abdulkareem Farooq ISHOLA — 2025-01-30

Nigeria currently wrestles with high level of unemployment, requiring that education be likened with entrepreneurship. This study advocates the proper integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) into language education for greater entrepreneurial development. The research investigates how ICT integration into language education could lead to better entrepreneurial skills, mindset, and aspirations. It could make citizens more innovative and aggressive in creating and sustaining the desired competitive economy. The study is a descriptive survey involving a purposive sample of 268 respondents within Ilorin metropolis, Kwara State Nigeria. A researchers-designed instrument, which reliability was determined by the use of the test-retest method, leading to a reliability index of 0.78 after the use of PPMC, was used for data collection. The lone research question was answered using the mean, and standard deviation, while the two hypotheses were subjected to the t-test analysis at 0.05 alpha level. Findings reveal that integrating ICT into language education enhanced entrepreneurial skills. Based on the findings the researchers identified key areas that ICT may be integrated into language education, including curriculum development, literacy texting materials development, literary appreciation, and research.

Impact of Videoconferencing Platforms on Undergraduates’ Skills Development in Kwara State

Abdulquadri Olakunle ABDULAZEEZ — 2025-01-30

This study investigates the effects of these platforms on the entrepreneurial and vocational skills development of undergraduates in Kwara State, focusing specifically on shoemaking. A mixed-methods approach using an explanatory sequential design was adopted, combining quantitative data from surveys and experiments with qualitative insights from observations and interviews. Key instruments included the Shoecrafting Test Instrument (STI1 and STI2), attitudinal questionnaires, lesson plans, observations, and focus group discussions. Edupreneurship merges education with entrepreneurial initiatives, empowering learners to not only master trades but also develop business acumen essential for launching and sustaining profitable ventures. By leveraging online platforms, edupreneurs can provide comprehensive training that encompasses both technical skill acquisition and marketing strategies. Effective marketing is crucial for translating vocational skills into successful enterprises, as seen in regions like Aba, Nigeria, where local shoemakers have built thriving businesses through innovative craftsmanship and strategic customer engagement. The findings of the study revealed a higher mean gain score of 7.15 for the Microsoft Teams group compared to 1.25 for the Google Meet group, indicating better skill acquisition. Microsoft Teams facilitated superior collaboration and tool support, leading to more creative and efficient shoemaking outcomes. Gender analysis showed both platforms improved skills development irrespective of gender, though females outperformed males overall. Attitudinal responses were positive for both platforms, with higher scores for Microsoft Teams. The study concludes that digital platforms, particularly Microsoft Teams, significantly enhance vocational skill development, recommending improved digital infrastructure to maximize the effectiveness of these tools in vocational education.

Empowering Nigeria's Future: Integrating Entrepreneurship Education in Primary School Curriculum

Olasunkanmi James ADELEYE — 2025-01-30

This study examines the integration of entrepreneurship education into the Nigerian primary school curriculum as a strategy to mitigate future economic challenges. Nigeria is facing persistent economic uncertainties, exacerbated by factors such as youth unemployment and over-dependency on oil revenue. Fostering an entrepreneurial mindset among young learners emerges as a critical strategy for long-term economic resilience. This will serve as a strategic tool for equipping the younger generation with the skills, mindset, and resilience needed to navigate and transform Nigeria's economic landscape in the face of future realities. Drawing upon international best practices, such as Junior Achievement (JA) in U.S.A. and many others tailored to the Nigerian context, this study presented a blueprint and explores the potential impact of introducing entrepreneurship education at the primary level. Through a comprehensive analysis of existing literature cum studies, the study evaluates the feasibility, curriculum design, pedagogical approaches, and anticipated outcomes of integrating entrepreneurship education into primary schools. Since the primary education level is the foundation on which other education system is built upon, the research recommends that policymakers, educators, and stakeholders should collaboratively revise national curriculum standards to incorporate entrepreneurship education as a core component of primary education, and ensure that entrepreneurship competencies and learning objectives are integrated into subject-specific curricula and assessment frameworks to provide pupils with comprehensive exposure to entrepreneurial concepts and skills.

Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies among Technology Education Students for Self-employment at the University of Ilorin, Kwara State

Nurudeen Akinwole AKINDELE — 2025-01-30

The study investigated personal entrepreneurial competencies (PEC) possessed by Technology Education Students for self-employment in establishing Small and Medium Scale enterprises (SMEs). Two research questions and 2 hypotheses were developed for this study. A survey research design was used for the study. The population comprised of 234 students of University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State. The subjects responded to a 28-item questionnaire. The questionnaire was validated by 3 experts in entrepreneurship education from University of Ilorin, Kwara State. The reliability of the instrument was found to be 0.68 using Cronbach Alpha formula. Mean and Standard Deviation were used to answer and analyse the research questions, while the hypotheses were tested using t-test statistics at 0.05 level of significant. The study revealed that entrepreneurial competencies such as opportunity sensing, persistence, commitment to contract, and risk-taking among others are PEC possessed by technology education students in Kwaraa State. The findings also showed that PEC such as opportunity sensing, persistence, commitment to contract, risk-taking, information seeking, and Self-Confidence, appraise the performance of the enterprise among others are being utilized by the students. The study further revealed that there was no significant difference in the mean response of male and female Students on the PEC Possessed by Technology Education Students for establishing an enterprise. It was recommended among others that all the competencies discovered but not possessed by students in this study should be packaged and included in the curriculum of Technology Education programme. Teachers should assist students in identifying their PEC for establishing SMEs.

Entrepreneurial Skills of Poultry Farmers for Production Sustainability in Kwara Central Senatorial District, Nigeria

Kayode Ojo AFOLABI — 2025-01-30

The importance of the poultry industry in meeting the nation's daily protein needs and ensuring that youth farmers remain in business has made it imperative to identify entrepreneurial skills for them. Consequently, this study investigated the entrepreneurial skills of poultry farmers for production sustainability in Kwara Central Senatorial District, Nigeria. Four research questions guided the study. The research design adopted was a descriptive survey. The population for the study comprised all poultry farmers in Kwara Central Senatorial District. A total of 118 poultry farmers were sampled for the study. The instrument used was a structured questionnaire designed by the researcher. The instrument was validated by three experts, and its reliability was determined using Cronbach Alpha, yielding a coefficient of 0.86. Mean and standard deviation were used for data analysis. The findings revealed that youth poultry farmers in Kwara Central Senatorial District required 31 major entrepreneurial skills for sustainable poultry production. Based on these findings, it was recommended that youth poultry farmers improve their entrepreneurial skills by attending regular workshops, seminars, and conferences organised by relevant agricultural agencies on poultry production. Furthermore, the government should provide support to youths in acquiring relevant equipment, while banks should offer loans with low interest rates to registered youth poultry farmers to boost production.

Development of Holo-Du Through Edupreneurship - A Glocalised Instructional Resource for Teaching in Computer Science Education, University of Ilorin

Khashiyah ABDULFATTAH — 2025-01-30

The use of 3D holographic technology in the classroom has a potential to make learning more engaging and memorable for students. However, in order for this technology to be effectively utilised in Nigerian schools, it is important to incorporate local context and traditional teaching methods in instruction. This approach, known as “glocalisation”, can help to increase students interest in science subjects by making the material more relevant to their experiences. Additionally, addressing the lack of infrastructure, materials and skilled educators, as well as support from stakeholders, is essential in order for the Nigerian education system to meet the demands of instruction around the world. Edupreneureship also fostering innovative mindset in education. This study develops Holo-Du for teaching in computer science education in University of Ilorin. The objectives of this study is to: develops Holo-Du for teaching selected computer science concept; find the cost of developing Holo-Du in teaching selected computer science concept. This study employ research and development of model type. The development of a localized holographic tool (Holo-Du). However, Holo-Du do not produce a true volumetric image, and the 3D appearance is merely an illusion. They do, however, produce a convincing illusion of a holographic 3D object. Despite the Holo-Du successful creation and projection, there are still numerous work to be done. A device that not only displays 3D visuals but also allows people to interact with them could be created with more study.

Functional Adult Literacy: A Tool for Enhancing Artisans Entrepreneurship Skills Development in Nigeria

Bilikis Ajoke OLASINDE — 2025-01-30

The traditional meaning of literacy as the ability to read and write has continued to evolve in recent times in order to accommodate other natures of literacy. It is now clear that there is not one literacy but multiple literacies found in different domains of people’s daily lives. Functional literacy is this the application of literacy skills to the day to day activities of an individual to function in his environment. Artisans takes a larger percentage of Nigeria's workforce and has for generations, continued to be a provider of employment. However, many artisans have become redundant and irrelevant as a result of lack of awareness and inability to recognise opportunities due to illiteracy. This paper therefore seeks to explore functional adult literacy education as a tool for enhancing artisans’ enterpreneurship skills development in Nigeria. Effect of literacy on artisans’ enterpreneurship skills development was examined as well as the challenges of functional literacy education. This paper concluded that functional adult literacy has the potential to enhance artisans' enterpreneurship skills and accord them the ability to meet up with demands of the ever-changing world. This paper recommended the need for government to make functional literacy accessible for everyone at all government levels and urge the leadership of artisans’ association to encourage its members to acquire literacy skills in order to improve their enterpreneurship skills and relevance.

Renewing University Education Towards Edupreneurship for 21st Century Community Development in Nigeria

Tahjdeen BASHIR — 2025-01-30

Nigeria like other nations is a composite of communities; rural and urban. But, the situation of development expected in a real community eludes Nigeria's environment due to the weakness of the education sector, particularly the university. This paper proposed renewing university education towards edupreneurship for 21st century community development in Nigeria. Studies were reviewed in areas of the university, community development, edupreneurship. The significance of edupreneurship in university education in twenty first century towards community development for national development, principles of community development and failure of strategic approaches pre and post-colonial era on national growth and development were discussed. Conceptual clarification was made to reinvent universities with the needs of the community through programs, infrastructures, delivery methods, technologies, and philosophies that can reflect the community’s demands and attitudes for 21st century. It suggests among others; environmental scanning, setting objectives, lead change, localization of knowledge, anchoring engagement, and media advancement.

Transitioning Teaching Skills into Edtech Products: Bridging the Gap Between the Classroom and the Marketplace

Musiliu Adekola ADEROJU — 2025-01-30

The 21st century encourages teachers to adapt their talents to the digital world and create unique educational technology solutions as education evolves. This transformation into digital world not only increases the effectiveness of teaching methods but also offers profitable chances for educators to explore entrepreneurship. Using their classroom experiences, educators can discover market deficiencies and design educational technology solutions that address the different needs of learners. This paper discusses strategies for educators to effortlessly translate their teaching skills into the invention, promotion, and dissemination of educational technology (EdTech) solutions. By combining case studies and empirical research, this paper underlines the vital necessity of collaboration, technology literacy, and market analysis in effectively blending teaching expertise into the EdTech area. By examining the challenges and opportunities in this evolving field, the paper aims to equip educators with the knowledge and resources to foster creativity and excellence in modern teacher education.

Enhancing the Productivity of Almajiri Education in Northern Nigeria through Integration of Edupreneurship Curriculum

Jamiu ABDUR-RAFIU — 2025-01-30

This study evaluated the incorporation of entrepreneurial elements into the Tsangaya Almajiri education system in Northern Nigeria. Employing a descriptive survey design, the research focused on teachers and students from Tsangaya Almajiri schools within three geopolitical zones: North Central, North West, and North East. A multi-stage sampling procedure was adopted to select 563 teachers and 600 students from Kaduna, Bauchi, and Niger states. Data was gathered using questionnaires and analysed through percentage and t-test statistics. The results showed that teachers generally supported the curriculum’s objectives, which align with the educational roles of promoting peace, security, and cultural harmony. While the curriculum content was considered sufficient, teaching methods primarily relied on traditional approaches with limited interactive strategies. There was a significant lack of advanced resources, such as projectors and computers. Both teachers and students viewed the inclusion of entrepreneurial education as beneficial, equipping graduates with skills for self-employment and employment, and fostering self-reliance. However, notable differences were observed between teacher and student perceptions of the curriculum’s effectiveness, with students expressing greater confidence in its ability to promote self-employment. The study concluded that this holistic approach could prepare individuals for academic and professional success, contributing to the development of Northern Nigeria. Recommendations included addressing resource gaps, improving teaching methods, and aligning curriculum goals with practical outcomes to maximize its impact.

Integrating Non-Formal Education Approaches into Formal Schools’ Curricular as a Viable Strategy for Effective Edupreneurship in Nigeria

Muhammad BABA — 2025-01-30

The paper presents the vitality of blending non-formal education approaches with formal schools’ curricular as a tool for entrepreneurship development in Nigerian educational system. In other words, it examines the policy of integrating non-formal educational approaches into the conventional or mainstream school curricular in Nigeria towards community and national development. The paper made some conceptual clarifications of formal and non-formal education for proper perspective. It identified those specific non-formal education programmmes that could serve as veritable alternative educational provisions for empowering the citizenry in a developing economy like Nigeria. This paper is based on the growing recognition among governments and stakeholders in third world countries that functional education for the generality of the people is unlikely to be achieved through emphasis on formal schooling alone. The paper further looked at specific challenges that could serve as obstacles to the implementation of a viable integration of non-formal approaches into formal education system. The paper concludes that, if the policy of integration of non-formal education into formal school system can be effectively implemented in Nigeria, it will contribute greatly to the realization of Nigerian national goals of becoming a self-reliant as well as a dynamic economy. Based on the challenges identified, the paper proffers some suggestions as ways forward. These include: need for policy review in the educational system, appropriate recognition of the non-formal system of education, attaching emphasis on functionality of products from formal schools rather than paper qualifications among others.

Repositioning Cultural and Creative Arts Pedagogy for Edupreneurial Skills Development in Pankshin Educational District: Primary Teachers’ Perspective

Lovelyn C. OLISAEKE — 2025-01-30

This study was carried out using three research questions and two hypotheses. A descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study comprises all the public primary school teachers in Pankshin educational district with a total number of three hundred and five (305) teachers. The sample size consisted of 20% of all the teachers with a total number of 61 teachers, which was selected using stratified random sampling technique. The instrument for data collection was 30-item questionnaire titled "Questionnaire on Repositioning Cultural and Creative Arts Edupreneurial Skills" (RCCAES). The instrument was subjected to face validation by three experts. A reliability coefficient of 0.81 and 0.87 which were considered high were obtained using Pearson products moments correlation coefficient method. The instrument was structured on a 4-point likert scale weighted 2.50 criterion mean. The data was analyzed using means scores. The findings of this study revealed that teachers perceived cultural and creative arts develop pupils' edupreneurial skills and that it has been incorporated in the curriculum of cultural and creative arts. Teachers also do encounter some challenges in the incorporation of edupreneurial skills in teaching cultural and creative arts due to globalization of technology. Conclusively, the paper recommended among others that for the Nigerian educational system to meet global best practices, the government should provide the enabling environment for edupreneurial skills to thrive. This can be done by ensuring that the curriculum is not just a knowledge-driven one but rather a tool to actualization of economic growth and competing with other countries in the world through adequate provision of funds for the practical implementation of skills.

Rethinking Counselling Professional Services as Business: A Paradigm Shift

Shuaib Abolakale MUHAMMED — 2025-01-30

The counselling profession has traditionally been viewed through the lens of a helping, altruistic service, with the primary focus on the well-being of clients. However, this perspective often overlooks the business aspects of running a successful counselling practice. In today's competitive landscape, it is crucial to adopt a paradigm shift that recognizes counselling services as a professional business venture. This presentation argues for the reframing of counselling services as a business model, where the principles of entrepreneurship, marketing, and strategic planning are embraced. By adopting a business-centric approach, counsellors can enhance their visibility, reach a wider client base, and ensure the long-term sustainability of their practices. Effective branding, strategic marketing campaigns, and leveraging digital platforms are key components of this paradigm shift. Additionally, counsellors need to develop business acumen, including financial management, legal compliance, and operational efficiency. This all-inclusive approach will not only empower counsellors to thrive professionally but also enables them to deliver high-quality services to a broader range of clients. Furthermore, the paper advocates for the integration of entrepreneurial and business education into counselling curricula, equipping future professionals with the essential skills to navigate the complexities of running a successful practice. By embracing this model, counsellors can reconcile their commitment to client welfare with the realities of operating a viable and sustainable professional business enterprise.

The role of Business Incubators and Accelerators in Edtech Entrepreneurship in Nigeria

Aderonke Kofo SOETAN — 2025-01-30

The rapid evolution of the educational sector through technological advancements has given rise to a significant increase in EdTech entrepreneurship in Nigeria. This study explores the role of business incubators and accelerators in fostering these entrepreneurial ventures, focusing on the unique challenges and opportunities within this emerging market. Employing a qualitative research design, this study conducted semi-structured interviews with 15 key stakeholders, including founders of EdTech startups and managers from incubators and accelerators in Lagos, Nigeria. The data collected were analyzed using thematic analysis to unearth patterns and insights into the mechanisms of support provided by these entities. The results indicate that incubators and accelerators are pivotal in providing multifaceted support to EdTech startups, including financial aid, mentoring, networking opportunities, and infrastructural resources. Participants reported significant improvements in business outcomes such as increased customer base and revenue growth, facilitated by the support received. However, challenges like market access, technology integration, and navigating regulatory frameworks persist, albeit mitigated by the strategic interventions of incubators and accelerators. The study concluded that incubators and accelerators play a critical role in the scalability and sustainability of EdTech startups in Nigeria, enhancing their ability to adapt and thrive in a competitive educational technology landscape. Recommendations were made that, the study recommends that incubators and accelerators should increase their focus on providing tailored infrastructural support and specialized mentorship programs that align with the unique needs of the EdTech sector. Additionally, partnerships should be strengthened between startups, educational institutions, and policy makers is essential for enhancing market access and integration of new technologies into the educational system.

Educators' Awareness and Adoption of Artificial Intelligence for Edupreneurship in University of Ilorin, Kwara State

Caleb ASIYANBOLA — 2025-01-30

The rapid advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) offer transformative potential for edupreneurship in higher education. However, the extent to which educators at the University of Ilorin are aware of and adopt these technologies remains unclear. This study assessed the educators' awareness and adoption of AI for edupreneurship in University of Ilorin. Using a descriptive survey technique, 100 educators were randomly sampled. Data analysis involved frequency, mean, and t-test. Results indicated that educators had moderate level of awareness (2.8>2.5), low level of adoption (2.2<2.5) and positive attitude towards AI for edupreneurship (3.3>2.5). There were no significant gender differences in the level of awareness and level of adoption. Also, there were no significant differences in the level of awareness and level of adoption based on department. The study concluded that educators' level of awareness and level of adoption of AI for edupreneurship is low, hence, it was recommended that Stakeholders in education should be trained and sensitized on AI's potentials for edupreneurship.

Entrepreneurial Skill Acquisition Required by Business Education Graduates for Employment Generation in Kwara State

Felicia Kikelomo OLUWALOLA — 2025-01-30

Entrepreneurship education in tertiary institutions is designed to empower students with the skills to exhibit enterprise, innovation, and creativity in research, teaching, and the application of knowledge for sustainable livelihoods. This study investigated the entrepreneurial skills essential for business education graduates to foster employment generation in Kwara State, Nigeria. Employing a descriptive survey design, the population comprised 428 business educators from Kwara State College of Education, Kwara State Polytechnic, and the University of Ilorin. A purposive sampling technique was used to select 217 participants: 73 from the University of Ilorin, 72 from Kwara State Polytechnic, and 72 from Kwara State College of Education, based on Research Advisor (2006). The study addressed three research questions and tested four hypotheses at a 0.05 significance level. Data were collected using a structured and validated questionnaire titled "Entrepreneurial Skill Acquisition Required by Business Education Graduates for Employment Generation in Kwara State (ESARBEGEG)." The instrument's face and content validity were established, and its reliability was confirmed with a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.81. Descriptive statistics, including mean and standard deviation, were employed to analyze the research questions, while ANOVA and independent sample t-tests were used to test the hypotheses. Findings highlighted the critical role of entrepreneurial skill acquisition in equipping graduates for employment generation. It was recommended that higher institutions, particularly business education departments, should organize annual workshops to sensitize students on the importance of acquiring entrepreneurial skills.

Exploring Entrepreneurial Mindset and Intention of Undergraduate Human Kinetics Students in University of Ilorin, Nigeria

Sikiru Adewale ADEOYE — 2025-01-30

This study explored the entrepreneurial mindset and intention of Human Kinetics Students at the University of Ilorin, Nigeria. The survey research design was adopted, stratified random sampling was conducted to select 500 students across the study level (100-400). The questionnaire consists of demographic information and a standardised entrepreneurial mindset scale (EMS) used as instrument for data collection. The questionnaire was administered electronically through online social media platforms (WhatsApp, Facebook, telegram, and e-mails). Percentage, mean, and standard deviation were computed to describe the data, and parametric statistics of point-biserial correlation and multiple linear regression were performed to test the hypotheses and also answer the research questions at 0.05 confidence level. The result demonstrated that; establishment of a fitness and wellness gym was the most preferred sport/physical activity-related business intention. In addition, entrepreneurial mindset (opportunity recognition, innovation, risk taking, proactiveness) significantly predicted entrepreneurial intention of students, F (4, 495) = 86.744, p < 0.001, R2 412, ΔR2 .407. Furthermore, point-biserial correlation analysis produced a moderate positive correlation between previous entrepreneurial experience and the entrepreneurial intention of the students, rpb (498) = .831, p = .003. The study concluded that; the establishment of fitness and wellness gyms was the most preferred choice of entrepreneurial intentions among human kinetics undergraduates. The entrepreneurial mindset significantly predicted the entrepreneurial intention of the student; there was a moderate positive correlation between previous entrepreneurial experience among other conclusions. This study recommended that; students be encouraged and supported in developing business plans and prototypes for fitness and wellness gyms. This can be done by inviting industry experts to provide mentorship and guidance to students. Additionally, the Department of Human Kinetics may consider offering courses or workshops on entrepreneurship in the health and fitness industry.

Effects of Goal-Setting and Relational Intelligence on Nascent Business Owners’ Entrepreneurial Motivation in Oyo Town, Nigeria

Victor Ayodeji FEHINTOLA — 2025-01-30

Entrepreneurial Motivation (EM) is vital to entrepreneurship success in, despite the significance many nascent entrepreneurs struggle with low motivation. Earlier research focused on traditional modes business planning, financial management and operational efficiency rather than goal setting and relational efficiency. This study, therefore, explored the effects of Goal-setting (GST) and Relational Intelligence Training (RIT) in fostering EM among nascent entrepreneurs in Oyo Town, Nigeria. The moderating effect Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy (ESe) was examined. The study was guided by McClelland’s Human Motivation and Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs theories provided the framework, the study adopted the pretest-post-test, control group, quasi-experimental design with a 3×3 factorial matrix. Participants were chosen using multi-stage sampling technique, from three purposively chosen local government areas. The cluster sampling technique was adopted in choosing relevant business-related associations in each selected LGA. With the aid of the screening instrument, nascent entrepreneurs whose business owners have low motivation were purposively selected (Oyo East – 20, Oyo West – 20 and Atiba – 18). The instruments used were EM (α=.84) and ESe (α=.90) scales. The training lasted nine weeks. Analysis of covariance and Bonferroni post-hoc were used to analyse the data at 0.05 level of significance. There were significant main effects of training on EM (F(2; 45)=6.46; partial η2=0.22). Entrepreneurs in RIT had the highest adjusted mean score (99.57) followed by those in the GST (94.14) and the control (81.96) groups on EM. The two-way interaction effect of ESe on EM was not significant. Goal-setting and relational intelligence training fostered entrepreneurial motivation of nascent entrepreneurs in Oyo Town, Nigeria. Personnel psychologists, human resource managers and entrepreneurs should utilise these interventions.

Investment Environments and Performance of Young Women Entrepreneurs in Ekiti State

Bosede A. OLU-ALONGE — 2025-01-30

In developing economies like Nigeria, young women entrepreneurs with innovative ideas are usually faced with stringent investment environments and if not addressed could lead to failure of such businesses. This study examined the influence of investment environment such as lack of access to finance, insecurity and electricity tariff hike on the performance of young women entrepreneurs in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Survey research technique was adopted with purposive administration of a structured questionnaire on young women entrepreneurs who had operated their enterprises for not more than five years. Three locations were chosen to represent the three Senatorial Districts of Ekiti State namely Ado-Ekiti, Ikere-Ekiti and Oye-Ekiti respectively. The population comprised four hundred registered young women entrepreneurs. The sample size of two hundred was determined through Yaro Yamane’s techniques with Bowley’s proportional allocation method used for distribution. Two hundred copies of the questionnaire were administered and one hundred and sixty-five were duly completed and returned. Five forms of enterprises were selected and data were analyzed using quantitative methods of percentages, frequency counts and Chi-square. The findings revealed that the investment environments viz lack of access to finance, X2 cal (279.2) > X2 tab (9.488), insecurity (crime, theft and disorder), X2 cal (374.23) > X2 tab (9.488); and high electricity tariff, X2 cal (447.84) > X2 tab (9.488) significantly hindered the effective performance of young women entrepreneurs. The study concluded that the challenges of young women entrepreneurs in Ekiti State were caused by harsh investment environment. It was recommended that the government should create a conducive investment environment for young women entrepreneurs.

Teaching Physical and Health Education in Private Schools: A Prospect for Nigerian Teachers Without Jobs

Kerimu Ikazuwagbe JOEL — 2025-01-30

A key component of the formal educational process, physical and health education is essential to a person's overall development. Since most private schools cannot afford to hire full-time physical and health education teachers, they have decided to hire part-time teachers instead. This allows physical and health education teachers to work profitably in three to five schools each week, which can help lower Nigeria's alarming unemployment rate. Therefore, this study looked at physical and health education programs in private schools and their potential for Nigerian instructors without jobs. The ideas of physical and health education in the classroom were examined. The idea of teaching physical and health education part-time was examined critically. Related topics were also covered, including Nigeria's unemployment rate, sports facilities and equipment in private schools, and physical education and health education in private schools. Among other conclusions drawn from the literature review, the researchers determined that physical and health education programs should be properly implemented in private schools because they are essential for fostering the physical, social, and psychological development of all children. Therefore, among other things, It was suggested that education regulatory bodies ensure that private schools hire certified physical and health education teachers and that unemployed teachers take advantage of the opportunity to teach part-time in private schools.

Leveraging Grant Opportunities to drive Edupreneurial Innovation: Overcoming Challenges and Strategies for 21st Century Education Success

Muhinat Bolanle BELLO — 2025-01-30

Edupreneurship, which combines entrepreneurial principles with educational innovation, plays a crucial role in tackling current educational challenges such as personalized learning, technological integration, and equity in education. This study examines the wide range of grant opportunities available to edupreneurs and explores how these funds can contribute to educational transformation. While these opportunities hold significant potential, accessing grant funding is often challenging due to complex application processes and intense competition. By analyzing both global and national funding sources, the study highlights key grants from organizations such as the National Science Foundation (NSF), UNESCO, and Nigeria's Tertiary Education Trust Fund (TETFund). It also outlines strategies for successful grant acquisition, focusing on clarity of purpose, innovative approaches, and strong proposal writing, while also identifying common pitfalls to avoid. The research emphasizes the transformative potential of grant-funded initiatives in edupreneurship, fostering rigorous research, evidence-based practices, and systemic improvements in education. By addressing these challenges and strategically leveraging available funding, edupreneurs can drive significant progress in education, improving learning outcomes and promoting greater equity.

Entrepreneurial Skills Required by Unemployed Youths in Golden Melon Production as Perceived by Teachers and Extension Agents in Nigeria

Saidu B. JIMOH — 2025-01-30

This study investigated into the entrepreneurial skills required by unemployed youths in golden melon production as perceived by teachers and extension agents in Nigeria. The research type adopted for this study was the survey research type. Three research questions and three research hypotheses guided the study. The population of the study was 73; made up of 37 teachers of agricultural science in secondary schools and 36 agricultural extension agents in the state. The entire population constituted the sample because of the small size. The Entrepreneurial Skills Structured Questionnaire (ESSQ) was used to elicit relevant responses and data for this study. The study investigates the skills required by unemployed youths in planning, field management, harvesting, and marketing of golden melon. The questionnaire had a 4-point response scale of Highly Required, Averagely Required, Slightly Required and Not Required. Seventy-three (73) copies of the questionnaire were administered to the respondents. The research questions formulated were analyzed using mean and Standard Deviation while the hypotheses were tested using the t-test statistic. Findings revealed that the required skills by unemployed youths in planning, field management, harvesting, and marketing golden melon for sustainability were highly significant. It was therefore recommended that the government and relevant agencies increase the skill capacities of unemployed youths through training and technical support. Finally, skill acquisition centers should be established and the identified occupational skills should be incorporated into the curriculum incorporation into the curriculum of the Skill Acquisition Centers, Schools and Colleges by federal, state government, and training institutes to train youths in order to empower them and reduce challenges of unemployment.